jennifer lopez presentation sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez#Philanthropy
http://people.com/celebrity/recognize-her-from-the-block-a-young-j-lo-urges-kids-to-be-extraordinary/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez_and_Marc_Anthony_en_Concierto
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hands_(2016_song)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Make_the_World_Go_Round
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What's_Going_On_(song)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bordertown_(2006_film)
http://www.bgca.org/whoweare/alumni/AHOF/Pages/JenniferLopez.aspx
http://www.chla.org/lopez-family-foundation-international-telehealth-program
http://www.montefiore.org/chc

book cover

The book cover is simple, but my picture of entrepreneurs and their families eagerly getting off a boat into america emphasizes that immigration was one of the main factors contributing to the industrial age. The body text identifies the other main factors contributing to the growth of american industry that were not shown through the cover photo.  The thought of Changing America Forever in the title draws the reader in and appeals to them by showing how this time in American History will never be forgotten and still continues to effect people today. It expresses the idea that if the industrial age had never happened, almost every aspect of their lives would be different in some way.

Nike Research

Nike is working to minimize their environmental impact on society, transform manufacturing and unleash human potential. Their goals began when media communication began to spread the word about big companies like Nike using excess materials, leaving a large carbon footprint, and not always maintaining labor and environmental practices. They evaluate factory performance, including labor and environmental practices. Nike focused on eliminating waste through more efficient product design and manufacturing technologies, They have also cut their energy usage in half in the past 8 years by transitioning into the use of renewable energy sources, reducing their water usage, and implementing a standard for chemicals used throughout production. they are also fostering a workplace that is increasingly diverse and inclusive.

Supply chain management

Supply chain management is the oversight of materials, information, and finances as they move in a process starting from supplier to consumer. 
http://searchmanufacturingerp.techtarget.com/definition/supply-chain-management

Smoke signals essay

In the film, Smoke Signals, there are many obstacles facing Victor and Thomas like their history and indian stereotypes, that help them come to terms with their past and find meaning in their Native American history and cultural traditions.

One circumstance where they struggled with stereotypes was on the bus. A girl was complaining about how she was on the olympic gymnastics team, but never preformed and Victor got suddenly angered by hearing this. He became mad because he thought it was unfair that she was given this opportunity without having to work nearly as hard as the Indians had. He also believed that she was using him and Thomas by talking to them, which he justified by the fact that if she was actually an olympian she would have much more money and wouldn't be riding the bus.

Victor was making this journey to retrieve the ashes of his father that had left them as a child but had died. He may not have had the best opinion of his father at times but his indian history and tradition of forgiveness and respect for their ancestors caused him to change his mind. Thomas, who had been previously not been on good terms with Victor, forgave him and decided to provide money and accompany him on his journey. Victor appeared to be very stereotypical with his long braids and obvious nervousness around the white police officer once they had been asked for questioning about an alleged assault. Victor, whos knowledge of Native American history came only from what his grandmother would tell him, was scared of the officer because he was white and was stunned that they walked out of his office alive. His opinion changed because he saw that just becuase white people had been extremely cruel to Indians in the past, they are not all filled with hatred and evil like he thought.  He has great respect for his grandmother, who he lives with since both his parents died in a fire, and she holds tradition by kneading and baking bread for him, despite her painful arthritis.

When the come home after retrieving his father's ashes, Victor gives half of them to Thomas as a symbol of thanks and appreciation. Victor's mother found power in her Native American culture by going to the house where his father lived, lighting sage, and burning it down. This was symbolic because she used sage as a way to cleanse his soul of bad demons and allow him a new beginning. When Victor gives her the ashes, she lifts them up to sky as a sign of respect and to help him rise. Victor, acting upon his tradition and history of what he has been told, found power by pouring the ashes into the raging waters of a river below. This would give his father the chance to go back to nature, which Native Americans greatly respected and cared for, and to "rise up like a salmon". Victor did not know for sure why his father had left him and his mother, but his efforts to figure out the truth behind his personal history revealed to him that his father never intended to leave them, but once he had he could not return. This helped

old west

The arizona citizen

The article in this paper is talking about how the people of arizona hope for the business of murder to come to an end. 4 murderers were hung for a murder in tucson, arizona, in which a man was brutally beat, cut, and shot to death. the murderers fled and while in pursuit, one was shot to death and the other was captured. the townspeople hoped that he will not remain long in jail until convicted and hung as the law requires. They believe it sad the other killer did not fight because then he could have been deservedly shot too. The people of arizona believe that all murderers will be promptly shot, hung or killed in some way so that the crime of murder will become more rare.

Child trafficking

http://www.missingkids.com/en_US/documents/CCSE_Fact_Sheet.pdf
-how a child becomes a victim
-targeted, tricked, traumatized
-statistics and barriers
http://resources.ecpat.net/EI/Csec_definition.asp
-definition
http://www.popline.org/node/187827
-internet children and pornography
http://arkofhopeforchildren.org/child-trafficking/child-trafficking-statistics
-76% of transactions for sex of underage girls start on the internet
-2/3 victims girls 1/3 boys


A child becomes a victim by being targeted by a pimp or trafficker, tricked into trusting them or taken against their will, and is then traumatized by what they are forced to do. Of the children taken and victimized 2/3 are girls and 1/3 are boys. The internet has made child sex trafficking easier and more accessible to the public. 76% of transactions for sex of underage girls start on the internet, and many are exploited by being forced to commit sexual acts with adults. there are laws to prevent the exploitation of children over the internet, but no country can say that they are free of this problem, or can completely stop it from happening.

In-class essay

            While learning about history, watching movies can be very beneficial to developing analytical skills and allowing you to explore real events from multiple perspectives. It provides the opportunity to understand the full story on how each action affected people in that time instead of just learning the general idea of an event.

            One example of this was in the film Glory, the director made it so that we saw the movie from both a white man’s viewpoint and the black members of the 54^th regiment. We learned about the first black regiment that was allowed to fight in the war, but by seeing the event from both sides of the story, we gained the ability to think about it critically. Like Edward Zwick said, the purpose of the movie was to focus on the regiment as a whole unit instead of segregating it by the black side versus the white side. The story illustrated an example of one time that the blacks, who had suffered great amounts of wrongdoing, and the whites, who had generally caused this pain, found a common goal and ultimate purpose that united them in the struggle to fight for equality. We were able to observe this critically because we saw that even though we heard that this was overall a great and noble situation, it was not completely fair the whole time. The black soldiers, even while united with the white troop leaders, were still treated worse than the white soldiers in other regiment. This is illustrated in various scenes, for example when the soldiers were not initially given weapons, shoes, uniforms or equal pay until they protested and fought for their rights. The director also tried to emphasize the black soldiers inequality by creating a scene in which one major was ordered to whip and flog a black soldier for not following orders.  A review of this movie shows that this event would not have happened in the regiment because whipping and flogging had been outlawed before the war and it symbolizes slavery, which the regiment was fighting to abolish, but the director added this scene into the movie to prove, in an obvious fashion, that the black soldiers were still considered slaves by some of their leaders and not everyone supported the troops.

            12 Years a Slave also provided multiple opportunities to develop skills and understand more about slavery. From watching that movie, I learned just how cruel, gruesome, and unjust slavery truly was. Soloman Northrup, the main character in the movie, was a free man who was tricked into being kidnapped, enslaved, and changed into a different man, whose name was Platt. Before watching this movie, I was unaware that free blacks were kidnapped and enslaved and this brought to my attention just how wrong it was. In the movie, we see Soloman’s experiences as a slave in vast contrast to the luxurious life he lived before as a musician with his family and we also see how his ideas changed throughout the 12 years. The director highlighted important parts of the movie in order to condense 12 years of experiences into a 2 hour movie, while still allowing for the audience to become attached to Soloman and other slaves like Patsey, and made it hard to look away because you began to hope for them to survive and be free. One professor, Dr. Emily West, discussed in an interview how like in the movies, slaves would indeed be sold in a slave market like in the movie. Slaves were often presented to buyers naked, so that they could observe the male slaves strength and ability or the women’s attractiveness and ability to bear children. Another important scene was Patsey’s whipping, in which she leaves the plantation without permission in order to get soap, which was not provided for her. Soloman is then forced to whip her by his master, until he decides he is not hurting her enough and proceeds to do it himself. In the book, 12 Years a Slave, the then Platt describes this scene as “…the most cruel whipping that ever I was doomed to witness… literally flayed”. A review says that like in the movie, Patsey becomes deeply depressed and requests Northrup to kill her in order to achieve the virtue that death would bring to her. The director puts this scene in the movie because it shows one of the most severe mistreatments that Soloman had experienced, and like the Guardian review says it allows the audience to feel how the unimaginable pain and suffering of these slaves, “makes watching the film occasionally unbearable..”. The contrast between his life before as a free man and his life during slavery was described in a review by Peter Debruge as, “simultaneously beautiful and unbearable…” and the paradox shown in various scenes is relevant throughout the film.  An article by the New York Times also comments on this contrast by saying, “That made him an exceptional historical witness, because even while he was inside slavery – physically, psychologically, emotionally – part of him remained intellectually and culturally at a remove, which gives this book a powerful double perspective.”. This perspective of seeing a free man suddenly taken into slavery and seeing the immensely horrific things that he experienced and how his ideas changed is what makes the it difficult for the audience to stop watching the movie. 

Slate - How Accurate is 12 Years a Slave? I used this to show how accurate their emotions were in 12 years a slave.

History Extra - Historian at the Movies: 12 Years a Slave Reviewed  I used this as a review from Professor Dr. Emily West to describe the accuracy of the slave market in 12 years a slave.

Marked by teachers - How Historically Accurate is the Film "Glory"  I used this source to compare scenes in Glory to their accuracy in history.

Variety - Why ‘12 Years a Slave’ Is the Most Satisfying Oscar Winner in Years   I used this to describe the contrast between his life before and during slavery.

The guardian - 12 years a Slave- review    I used this review to show how the audience can feel the pain in some of the scenes in 12 years a slave

Nytimes - The Blood and Tears, Not the Magnolias  I used this as a quote to describe how Soloman was almost a double perspective in the movie.

12 Years a Slave - I quoted from the book to describe to brutality of the whippings.

Blacks in the troops fought for equal pay. 

Soloman woke up a slave, confused and shackled to the wall.

Soloman, Patsey's friend and fellow slave, is forced to whip her.

After a while, many slaves began to lose hope of being free.

blacks and whites joined forces to fight a common enemy. 

This is what I learned today

Only use a direct quote when it adds power and style to my writing.

Always make it clear, from context, that I understand the full meaning of the quote.

Whether I quote or paraphrase, I must always be transparent about the source and how I'm using it.

If i use another author's exact words or phrases, to any extent, I have to use quotation marks and give credit.

If I use another author's presentation of facts or ideas, but put heir ideas in my own words, (paraphrase) I better have a good reason for doing so, and I MUST give credit.

Hyperlinking is so easy, there is no excuse for not being transparent about my sources.
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I do understand all of these things.

Reflection on Paraphrase practice

From what we've done today, I have learned the process of paraphrasing is like a more detailed summary of text. You take the information given to you by a source and restate in a way that doesn't use the exact words or phrases. You can leave parts of the source out and can add your own ideas into the paragraph as long as you credit the source at the end of the paraphrase. A quote on the other hand is used when you're describing a topic and you use the specific words or phrases from a source in quotation marks, and give credit to the author. You use a quote as evidence to support the claim you're making in your writing.

Practicing Incorporating a Quote

"'Glory' begins in the manner of one of those re-enactments one sees at battlefields where, in cause of tourism on summer weekends, local citizens put on period costumes and play at history. The uniforms in the movie seem awfully clean and well pressed. During the first charge at Antietam, which opens the film, the boys' faces are prettily smudged, as if by a volunteer makeup artist. One seems to be looking at a tasteful re-enactment even though bodies are cut in two and one head disintegrates."

In the movie "Glory" there is a common theme of how a person feels after being in battle. It is often traumatic, and even though the soldiers believed that they were physically prepared for war, they were not emotionally ready for it. Canby depicts a soldier experiencing shock and not realizing the severity of the situation. When Canby says, "One seems to be looking at a tasteful re-enactment even though bodies are cut in two and one head disintegrates." he is showing how hard it is for a soldier to comprehend the gruesome nature of war. 

Paraphrase Passage

From the new york times article 
"'Glory' begins in the manner of one of those re-enactments one sees at battlefields where, in cause of tourism on summer weekends, local citizens put on period costumes and play at history. The uniforms in the movie seem awfully clean and well pressed. During the first charge at Antietam, which opens the film, the boys' faces are prettily smudged, as if by a volunteer makeup artist. One seems to be looking at a tasteful re-enactment even though bodies are cut in two and one head disintegrates."

My paraphrase of the article
The film "Glory" starts with a war scene re-enactment, in which the people wore costumes and act out the past. Their battle uniforms appear to be well taken care of and pristine. In the beginning charge that starts the movie, the soldiers' faces are beautifully smudged, like they were wearing makeup. One soldier appears to be watching a delightful re-enactment despite bodies laying mutilated on the ground and heads being blown to pieces. (Canby)

Glory Review

This is the Glory movie review I chose.
http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=950DE4D8113FF937A25751C1A96F948260

my partners are emma and kj.

What we Learned

Looking back at what we learned over the past 2 days, it is clear that there is a difference between good evidence and bad evidence. Good evidence has the ability to show what actually happened during that time and why it did, instead of people that were not from that time assuming information. While looking at the evidence from technology and economics helped me gain a deeper understanding of the why. The cleaning, spinning, and sewing of the cotton all became mechanized quickly, but the actual picking of the cotton did not become mechanized until much later due to the large number of free, already owned slaves being cheaper than buying a new machine. Production of cotton picking grew though because of the slaves fear of being punished by new whips, younger workers, longer hours, and more slaves specializing in picking.

Empathy and Sympathy

Empathy is the ability to put yourself in another persons shoes and then be able to understand, relate, and share the feelings of another, even if they have gone through experiences very different to your own, while sympathy is to share the feelings of another whose experiences are very similar to yours. Empathy is important for historians to have because when looking at history, it is extremely difficult to be able to relate to the feelings that the people living in that time have or even understand how different events impacted their lives. For a historian to have empathy, allows them to further expand their knowledge of historical events to a more personal level and causes that person to look at the events in the past as more than just facts, but as actual events that had an affect on people in that time.

Summary of US History 1600s-Civil War

By reviewing a timeline of US History, I learned a lot about how our country grew. In the beginning of the 1600s to the 1760s, America quickly started to grow from the first American settlement, to the establishment of the original 13 colonies, to the colonial population rising from 275,000 to 1.6 million. This lead to a series of disagreements between the colonists and the British about the British Parliament putting taxes on the colonials, even though the colonists were willing to pay taxes on items that they chose, and then removing themselves from the British Empire. The first government was formed, and they begin making plans for incorporating new lands, which had to be revised multiple times due to the debate on whether or not the states should be slave-holding states. Then in 1790 the government of the united states goes into effect over a population of 4 million americans. new amendments are made, a large portion of the current America was expanded to, including Louisiana, Maine, Missouri, and Texas, and slave importation was banned. Arguments over slavery continues until 1863, when the Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves in the state of the Confederacy and the Civil War ends with over 50,000 civilian deaths.